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10 facts about aneurin bevan

    10 facts about aneurin bevan

    This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Aneurin-Bevan, British Broadcasting Corporation - Biography of Aneurin Bevan, Spartacus Educational - Biography of Aneurin Bevan. The statue of Aneurin Bevan (1897-1960) by the late Robert Thomas on Queen Street Cardiff. The new Prime Minister, Clement Attlee, appointed Bevan as Minister of Health, with a remit that also covered housing. The National Health Service and the Welfare State have come to be used as interchangeable terms, and in the mouths of some people as terms of reproach. This made him join the Independent Labour Party. I believe that is essential for the full life of citizen to see the living tapestry of a mixed community. The Daily Herald stated that some MPs were seen to be crying in Parliament and described how there was "sorrow at every street corner" in the South Wales Valleys. Pronunciation of Aneurin Bevan: Learn how to pronounce the word Aneurin Bevan.Definition and meaning can be found here: https://www.google.com/search?q=defin. [120], After a lengthy period in hospital, on 14 February 1960 Bevan returned home and announced he would not be returning to politics in the near future, so as to be able to recuperate and plan an extended holiday. [51] He also voiced criticism of trade union leaders, which drew complaints from both the Miners' Federation and the Trades Union Congress. [1], Both Bevan's parents were Nonconformists: his father was a Baptist and his mother a Methodist, although he became an atheist. For local insights and insiders travel tips that you wont find anywhere else, search any keywords in the top right-hand toolbar on this page. Throughout World War II he was a vigorous critic of Winston Churchills coalition government but was equally critical of his own party. There is a man in the British Army who flung 150,000 men across the Ebro in Spain, Michael Dunbar. We enter this campaign at this general election, not merely to get rid of the Tory majority. [22], Soon after Bevan entered Parliament, he was briefly attracted to Smethwick Labour MP Oswald Mosley's arguments,[24] becoming one of the 17 signatories of the Mosley Memorandum in the context of the MacDonald government's repeated economic crises,[25] including the doubling of unemployment levels. Student Activities. [45] Clement Attlee expressed his support that Bevan should have been the leader of the Labour Party during his lifetime but was held back by his demeanour, stating "he wants to be two things simultaneously, rebel and official leader, and you can't be both". History Hit brings you the stories that shaped the world through our award winning podcast network and an online history channel. These numbers were reached by lowering the quality standards originally put forward by Bevan, with council houses featuring gardens being largely dropped in favour of tower blocks and flats. Bevan was not good academically and was at a time repeated for a year in school. He was the sixth of ten children born to Phoebe and David Bevan, of whom only eight survived infancy and only six to adulthood. Raised in Monmouthshire by a Welsh working-class family, he was the son of a coal miner and left school at 14. [43] Bevan was relieved that the country had united against Nazi Germany in the fight against fascism to provide a common enemy away from the working class. William Shakespeares Wife: Who Was Anne Hathaway? Bevan was critical of the leadership of the British Army, which he felt was class bound and inflexible. Find out more about how the BBC is covering the. Aneurin Bevan was born on November 15, 1897, in Tredegar, Monmouthshire, to David Bevan and Phoebe nee Prothero. [117] His last speech in the House of Commons, in the debate of 3 November 1959 on the Queen's Speech,[118] referred to the difficulties of persuading the electorate to support a policy which would make them less well-off in the short term, but more prosperous in the long term. [96] In the opening page of the book, Bevan begins: "A young miner in a South Wales colliery, my concern was with the one practical question: Where does power lie in this particular state of Great Britain, and how can it be attained by the workers? He became minister of labour in January 1951 but resigned from the government the following April in protest against the rearmament program, which necessitated sharp cutbacks in social expenditures. Perhaps the greatest and certainly one of the most controversial of Labour Party politicians, Bevan was born in Tredegar, a miner's son in a dissenting family. Aneurin Bevan was the son of coal miner David Bevan and Phoebe, a seamstress. [44] Churchill was a frequent target of Bevan's, who already held a dislike of him following his intervention in the Tonypandy riots and the 1926 United Kingdom general strike which Bevan considered heavy handed. He was born in Tredegar, Wales, on 15th November 1897. His National Health Service policy met great disapproval from the British Medical Association. In 1951, Bevan was moved to become minister of labour. There he earned around ten shillings per week with most going to his parents to help support the family. [63] Having been a member of the Cottage Hospital Management Committee around 1928 and serving as chairman in 192930, Bevan had received an insight into the management of health services by local authorities, which proved to be a bedrock of his work in founding the National Health Service.[48]. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aneurin_Bevan&oldid=1149734012, Fairlie, Henry. Aneurin Bevan was born on November 15, 1897, in Tredegar in Wales. He wanted the war to be not just a fight against fascism but a war for socialism. The Aneurin Bevan, former Cross Inn, September 2018, This is a photo of the listed building number. His opposition to the Labour leadership's approach was partly based on his view that the leadership of the Labour Party was not demanding assurances from the Government on its foreign policy as a price for the party's support for re-armament as expressed in his speech to the Bournemouth Conference of that year: we should say to the country we are prepared to make whatever sacrifices are necessary, to give whatever arms are necessary to fight Fascist powers and in order to consolidate world peace[39]. Aneurin Bevan was born on 15 November 1897 at 32 Charles Street in Tredegar, Monmouthshire, a working-class mining town, where an estimated 90 per cent of the town's inhabitants relied on the local mines for employment. A powerful speaker, debater and champion of the working class, Bevan was voted number one in the 100 Welsh Heroes poll, a response to find the publics favourite Welsh people of all time. [40] Bevan now called unsuccessfully for a Popular Front against fascism under the leadership of the Labour Party, including even anti-fascist Tories. Why Did Shakespeare Paint Richard III as a Villain? [60] Bevan tested this newfound solidarity early on by arriving to a royal banquet at St James's Palace wearing a navy lounge suit. Aneurin 'Nye' Bevan (1897-1960) is widely regarded as one of the most influential left-wing politicians in British history. So far as I am concerned they are lower than vermin. He was later fired for refusing to unload, and successfully challenged the motion but was moved to Pochin, generally considered a punishment due to the poor site conditions. It was around this time that he first "reject[ed] his chapel upbringing" and became an atheist. When the strike started on 3 May 1926, Bevan soon emerged as one of the leaders of the South Wales miners. [38], By March 1938, Bevan was writing in Tribune that Churchill's warnings about German intentions for Czechoslovakia were "a diapason of majestic harmony" compared to Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain's "thin, listless trickle". [103] Although unsuccessful in his bid, he did celebrate 25 years as the MP for Ebbw Vale. A blue plaque was erected in 2015 by English Heritage at 23 Cliveden Place, Chelsea, London SW1W 8HD, Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea. Aneurin's mother was also from Tredegar, but had English roots: her grandfather was from Hereford. [131], The Aneurin Bevan Memorial Stones were erected at the beginning of the Sirhowy Valley Walk with three smaller stones (representing three towns of his constituency Ebbw Vale, Rhymney and Tredegar) surrounding a larger stone representing Bevan. On July 5 1948 the National Health Service took control of 480,000 hospital beds in England and Wales. [40] When the government introduced voluntary national service in December 1938, Bevan argued that Labour should demand the nationalisation of the armaments industry, support the democratic government of Spain and sign an Anglo-Soviet pact in return for its support. He read Marxism at the college and was a brief follower of Noah Ablett,[11][12] developing his left-wing political outlook. Bevan's key speeches in the legislative arena are to be found in: For the local health board headquartered in Caerleon, Wales, see, Minister of Labour and National Service (1951). After the landslide Labour victory in the 1945 general election, Bevan was appointed minister of health, responsible for establishing the National Health Service. Bevan was a great personal charm but was sometimes so rude to opponents that Churchill once called him a merchant of discourtesy. Icon of 1960s Britain: Who Was Mary Quant? [9] The miners remained on strike for six months. Discover Walks contributors speak from all corners of the world - from Prague to Bangkok, Barcelona to Nairobi. Indeed, these factors, exacerbated by post-war restrictions on the availability of building materials and skilled labour, collectively served to limit Bevan's achievements in this area. After eighteen months of ongoing dispute between the Ministry of Health and the BMA, Bevan finally managed to win over the support of the vast majority of the medical profession by offering a couple of minor concessions, including allowing consultants to keep their own private practices and continuing to allow doctors to be paid in capitation fees rather than salaries,[66] but without compromising the fundamental principles of his National Health Service proposals. Aneurin Bevan (1897-1960) Atheism Healthcare Politics Social Reform He was a great humanist whose religion lay in loving his fellow men and trying to serve them. [29][30] They were early supporters of the socialists in the Spanish Civil War, and Bevan visited the country in 1938. His parents had ten children togetherfour died in infancy and one died at the age of eight. He was cremated at Gwent Crematorium, Croesyceiliog. At a dinner in late 1955 or early 1956 to celebrate the publication of the Guillebaud Report into NHS costs Bevan remarked to Julian Tudor Hart "ultimately I had to stuff their mouths with gold" about his handling of the consultants. [42], In August 1939 came the MolotovRibbentrop Pact, a non-aggression pact between the Nazi and Soviet governments that shocked democratic governments around the world. In his biography of Bevan, John Campbell wrote, "Bevan's impetuous temperament, undiplomatic tone and reputation as an extreme left-winger combined to make the Foreign Office seem the last place a prudent Prime Minister would think of putting him at any time. ], In 1951, with the retirement of Ernest Bevin, Bevan was a leading candidate for Foreign Secretary. Aneurin's name is pronounced 'uh-ny-rin'. When Winston Churchill said that the Labour Party should refrain from giving Adolf Hitler the impression that Britain was divided, Bevan rejected this as sinister: The fear of Hitler is to be used to frighten the workers of Britain into silence. The manager of the colliery found an excuse to get him dismissed. Members of the BMA had dubbed him the "Tito of Tonypandy". The former aimed to provide a uniform standard of consultant led care and expertise throughout the country and to replace the patchwork of voluntary and municipal hospitals which existed at that point. Bevan opposed the heavy censorship imposed on radio and newspapers and wartime Defence Regulation 18B, which gave the Home Secretary the powers to intern citizens. Bevan was not good academically and was at a time repeated for a year in school. BBC 2014 The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. [13], Bevan was one of the founding members of the "Query Club" with his brother Billy and Walter Conway. "[81] The comment inspired the creation of the Vermin Club by angry Conservatives, who attacked Bevan for years for the metaphor. Photo by Jeremy Segrott from Cardiff, Wales, UK - Wikimedia Commons [4] Aneurin Bevan attended Sirhowy Elementary School, where he achieved little. [46] Historian Max Hastings described Bevan's role in Parliament during the war as "his figures were accurate but his scorn was at odds with the spirit of the momentfull of gratitude, as was the prime minister". [75][79] Macmillan was also able to concentrate full-time on the housing crisis, instead of being obliged, like Bevan, to combine his housing portfolio with that for Health (which for Bevan took the higher priority: he once stated tongue-in-cheek that he devoted "five minutes a week to housing"). Bevan then endured another year of unemployment, the family surviving on his sister's wages, when his unemployment benefit was stopped due to her income, and his father's sick pay. A free health service is pure Socialism and as such it is opposed to the hedonism of capitalist society. His father was a miner and the poor working class family in which Bevan grew up gave him first-hand experience of the problems of poverty and disease. Bevan argues that the percentage of tax from personal incomes rose from 9% in 1938 to 15% in 1949. In 1959, Bevan was elected deputy leader of the Labour Party, although he was already suffering from terminal cancer. [106] Bevan's remark that "I know the right kind of political Leader for the Labour Party is a kind of desiccated calculating machine" was assumed to refer to Gaitskell, although Bevan denied it (commenting upon Gaitskell's record as Chancellor of the Exchequer as having "proved" this). full audio of Bevan's speech at the 4 November 1956 Trafalgar Square rally against British action in Suez. On the day, Bevan attended a ceremony at the Park Hospital, Trafford (now Trafford General), at which he symbolically received the keys to the hospital. If we accept the contention that the common enemy is Hitler and not the British capitalist class, then certainly Churchill is right. Born in a modest family, Bevan's exposure to poverty and deprivation gave him a first-hand experience of unfortunate condition of . [14], Upon returning home in 1921, he found that the Tredegar Iron and Coal Company refused to re-employ him. [1][3], The couple had ten children altogethersix boys and four girlsalthough four died in infancy and one died at the age of eight. They collected monies among themselves was what they did to support a member who needed it each week. Aneurin " Nye " Bevan PC (15 November 1897 - 6 July 1960) was a Welsh Labour politician. He went on to serve as shadow foreign secretary from 1956-59 and deputy leader of the Labour party from 1959-60. As a result of this success, he was picked as the Labour Party candidate for Ebbw Vale, then easily held the seat in the 1929 General Election, receiving more than twice the number of votes as the Liberal candidate. After his studies in 1921, he returned home without work as the Tredegar Iron & Coal Company refused to re-engage him. Academically poor, young Bevan repeated a year of studies. Aneurin Bevan was born on 15th November 1897 in Tredegar, Monmouthshire (now in Blaenau Gwent). One of ten children (though four died in infancy and one at eight years old), Bevans father was a coal miner and Baptist, while his mother a seamstress and follower of Methodism. [88][89] Two other ministers, John Freeman and Harold Wilson, resigned at the same time. Aneurin Bevan and the setting up of the NHS The National Health Service. He died on 6 July 1960. Aneurin Bevan Facts: Aneurin Bevan was a Welsh Labour politician widely considered the architect of the National Health Service. Bevan was the sort of principled politician we seem to lack these days. Image Credit: http://www.cradleofnhs.org.uk/nye.htm / Wikimedia Commons. Omissions? He was born in Tredegar, Wales, on 15th November 1897. Aneurin Bevan was born on 15 November 1897 at 32 Charles Street in Tredegar, Monmouthshire, a working-class mining town, where an estimated 90 per cent of the town's inhabitants relied on the local mines for employment. [133] The following year, Bevan was voted number one in the 100 Welsh Heroes poll, a response to find the public's favourite Welsh people of all time. Bevan foresaw that it would always be the subject of public debate, warning that "This service must always be changing, growing and improving; it must always appear to be inadequate." An infuriated Bevan stated that he would never be a member of a government that imposed charges on the National Health Service. However, by the end of his tenure, he had declared Bevan as "the best minister we have had". Aneurin Bevan, byname Nye Bevan, (born November 15, 1897, Tredegar, Monmouthshire [now in Blaenau Gwent], Walesdied July 6, 1960, Chesham, Buckinghamshire), controversial figure in post-World War II British politics and one of the finest orators of the time. Some historians have questioned how influential the college was on his political development. Image Credit: Anenurin Bevan, Minister of Health, on the first day of the National Health Service, 5 July 1948 at Park Hospital, Davyhulme, near Manchester / Wikimedia Commons. Bevan had been inspired by the Tredegar Medical Aid Society in his hometown, where residents would pay a subscription that would fund access for all of the town's inhabitants to have free access to medical services such as nursing or dental care. With his activism and exuberance, his employer Tredegar Iron Company saw him as a troublesome person but he amazingly became a popular local speaker. [26] In January 1931, Bevan wrote a letter to the government on behalf of the Mosley group, raising concerns over its "failure to deal with unemployment". In parliament, he became a fierce critic of those who did not represent the interest of the working force including members of his party. Former Conservative Prime Minister Harold Macmillan ended his Prime Ministers Questions two days after Bevans death with a tribute to him, describing him as a great personality and a great national figure. There, he spent two years studying economics, politics and history. He joined the Labour Party and attended Central Labour College in London. [105] After the 1955 general election, Attlee retired as Labour leader. Bevan was largely responsible for the distribution of strike pay in Tredegar and the formation of the Council of Action, an organisation that helped to raise money and provide food for the miners. Soon, thereafter became an activist and initially, a supporter of syndicalism. Aneurin Bevan - Powered by, Weapons for squalid and trivial ends House of Commons, December 5 1956, NHS 70th Anniversary and 2018 Annual Lecture, The 2017 Aneurin Bevan Memorial Lecture Professor John Bew. Aneurin Bevan was born on 15 th November 1897 in Tredegar, Monmouthshire (now in Blaenau Gwent). Photo by Howard Coster Wikimedia Commons. photo by Elliott & Fry Wikimedia Commons. Bevan gained more than twice the votes of Liberal candidate William Griffiths, receiving 20,000 votes to Griffiths' 8,000. [21] His targets included the Conservative Winston Churchill and the Liberal David Lloyd George, as well as Ramsay MacDonald and Margaret Bondfield from his own Labour party (he targeted the latter for her unwillingness to increase unemployment benefits). [6] He worked at the butcher's for several months before leaving school, instead working in the local Ty-Trist Colliery. Bevan called for the nationalisation of the coal industry and advocated the opening of a Second Front in Western Europe to help the Soviet Union in its fight with Germany. From 1950, onwards it's been attacked, the reason he resigned from government, but has managed to last 75yrs. Aneurin Bevan was born in Tredegar in 1897 into a large mining family and left school at 13 to work in the mine. [136], In 2015, Welsh actor Michael Sheen gave a speech in which he described Bevan as a mythical creature, stating, "He had cast-iron integrity and a raging passion".[12]. He was born to David Bevan a coal miner and Phoebe nee Prothero a seamstress as one of their ten children. Bevan was a supporter of the Liberal Party as a child, but later converted to socialism and joined the Independent Labour Party. [1] The town was situated in the South Wales Valleys and was on the northern edge of the South Wales coalfield. Bevanism was a movement on the left wing of the Labour Party in the late 1950s led by Aneurin Bevan which also included Richard Crossman, Michael Foot and Barbara Castle. In 1955, he stood as one of the candidates for party leader but was defeated by Hugh Gaitskell. [59] Bevan had clashed frequently with Attlee during his time as an MP, believing that the Labour leader failed to apply enough pressure on the Tory government during the war. Later today he will be taken home to Wales. We can't allow OUR NHS, built on the working class medical society model to fall to corporate greed. You cannot collaborate, you cannot accept the logic of collaboration on a first class issue like rearmament, and at the same time evade the implications of collaboration all along the line when the occasion demands it.[38]. He was the architect of the National Health Service and leader of the left-wing (Bevanite) group of the Labour Party. Bevan was not academically sharp Aneurin Bevan with his eye on the Ball. In 1928, Bevan won a seat on Monmouthshire County Council in the Tredegar Central Division. Aneurin Bevanand other members were briefly suspended from the Labour Party in March 1939 as he advocated for a united socialist front of all parties of the left. There was an outpouring of national mourning that followed his death, while the Daily Herald reported that some MPs were seen to be crying in Parliament. - Aneurin Bevan, The Lancet, 1948. During the 1926 General Strike, Bevan emerged as one of the leaders of the South Wales miners. Therefore I say to Anthony, I say to the British government, there is no count at all upon which they can be defended.They have besmirched the name of Britain. Along that road is endless retreat, and at the end of it a voluntary totalitarian State with ourselves erecting the barbed wire around. Aneurin "Nye" Bevan was a Welsh politician born on November 15, 1897. [72], Substantial bombing damage, with over 700,000 homes needing repair in London alone,[74] and the continued existence of pre-war slums in many parts of the country made the task of housing reform particularly challenging for Bevan. While you will be able to view the content of this page in your current browser, you will not be able to get the full visual experience. While this was not an insignificant achievement: the 850,000 homes built in the four years immediately after the war ended was the biggest housing programme ever introduced,[78] Bevan's rate of house-building was seen as less of an achievement than that of his Conservative (indirect) successor, Harold Macmillan, who was able to complete some 300,000 new homes a year as Minister for Housing in the 1950s. In its early stages this proved true, as the service went vastly over budget in its inaugural year, and Attlee was forced to make a radio address to the nation in an attempt to limit the strain on the system. Bevan also failed in a bid to become deputy leader, losing out to Jim Griffiths. [62] This system proved so popular that 20,000 people supported the organisation during the 1930s. [10] The Query club started in 1920 or 1921 and they met in Tredegar. Bevan appeared in court but was cleared when he produced confirmation that he suffered from nystagmus. [121] In May 1960 Jawaharlal Nehru, Prime Minister of India, while in England visited Bevan at his home in Asheridge Farm (where Bevan was a keen amateur farmer, keeping cattle and pigs).[122].

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