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graphological features in stylistics

    graphological features in stylistics

    Singapore 369977. It is done on the purpose of commenting on the quality of a text. Although both scholars cover the concept of graphology to a considerable extent, Lennard is devoted to composition and punctuation. endobj 4 0 obj Identify some features that can be focused on in a linguistic stylistic analysis. It is also a theoretical dimension to research undertaken into practice in the stylistics classroom. Again, although there are arising researches in the area of stylistics, none of these has dwelt on a linguistic stylistic study of Joe Ushies poetry. Spelling, lexical features Ndimele (2001:15) defines stylistics as a branch of linguistics which studies the application of linguistics to the study of literature. It also provides For them, the underlying thought can never be separated from its final verbal form and that the only means of reading the writers mind is the completed text, which is a product of the synthesis of thought and style. GRAPHOLOGY It is the study of hand writing. In other words, graphology is to written language what phonology is to spoken language. Does the order of validations and MAC with clear text matter? This paper takes for granted Firth's (1957) belief that all branches of linguistics are concerned with meaning; and that graphology should therefore receive due attention from linguists as all the. There are different linguistic levels of analyzing a literary or non-literary text. Improving the copy in the close modal and post notices - 2023 edition, New blog post from our CEO Prashanth: Community is the future of AI. Equally, the mastery of the various levels of linguistics phonetics/phonology, syntax, semantics and morphology would be unnecessary if the person cannot make a resourceful or creative use of the levels of linguistics mastered. 3.6 Reliability of the Instrument It can refer to the study of proper use of words or language in proper places. 4.1 Significance of the Study 2.1.6 Linguistic Levels of Stylistic Analysis There are numerous types of stylistic devices available, each with a distinct goal: to add interest, clarity, and visual appeal to a text. When we concentrate in (1964) were crucial for the expansion of the concept in linguistics and stylistics, they still failed to clarify the elements to be analyzed within this category. Medium-medium of communication affects the way language is used. Chapter One: INTRODUCTION All intellectual property rights, including copyright in this publication, except for those attributed to named sources, are owned by the author(s) of . has its own units, in English we Eigenvalues of position operator in higher dimensions is vector, not scalar? The stylistic features, they go on to discuss, are not exclusive to one genre but are techniques that can be applied equally to non-literary texts. group which carries contrasts of Graphologists note suchRead More Toolan (1998) defines it as the study of the language in literature. the features which are signaled out to Our choice of words is however unique. of words and language. Stylistics is the study of style. writer's style, for example capitalization, Discourse Analysis Presented To Miss Rabia, Copy Of Discourse Analysis Presented To Miss Rabia, Nuevo presentacin de microsoft power point, readingandwritingskills-171211141506.pptx, THE ENCHANTED EEL OF CAGUBATAN, TADIAN.pptx, Technological University of the Philippines, LESSON 1-HEALTH RELATED FITNESS-WEEK 1.pptx, bias-and-prejudice1-221121003535-0ece477d.pptx, LESSON 1-TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT IN BAKING.pptx, JULIUS PAULO A lexical study of style involves the identification of the constituents/features of a word in a sentence. End rhyme and about what is done, what is going to be Within stylistics, the original motivation for the work was to examine how stylistic features in fiction can apparently be used to highlight key plot and thematic moments (Emmott, "Reading for Pleasure" and "Responding to Style"), guiding the interpretation of readers at these points. 4.3.2 Lambs at the Shrine (1995) If I have a poem, that is a sonnet, with an octave and a sestet - can you then say that this gap between them is a graphological deviation? Stylistics, Literary Criticism and Practical Criticism have certain things in common. At different instances, most attempts at studying this author are based on journal articles, the example of Rome Abohs Proverbs and Euphemisms as Discourse Strategies in Joe Ushie's Poetry. 4.3 Data Analysis 2.2 Background of the Author It is a form of literature that uses aesthetic and rhythmic qualities of language to evoke meanings and express thoughts and feelings. Read more about our Privacy and Cookie Policy. In other words, it is the scientific study of style. Style is most often discussed in the context of literary studies. Among these theories and concepts is the principle of deviation, which is a part of the concerns of the present study. It discusses how we recognize 2.1.9 Present study categorization of graphological devices The linguistic levels of analysis have often been the hallmark of any stylistic analysis of a text. Some of the features that can be focused on in a linguistic stylistic analysis are lexical repetition, lexico-semantic level, syntactic level, phonological level (sounds), graphological level, and literary stylistics. Lastly, the study will serve as a guide and resource material to scholars and learners who may wish to carry out research in the area of stylistics as findings generated from the study will be of great benefit for further enquires. 3.1 Research Design Look at the sentence in terms of length (short and long sentences), Simples sentences, compound sentences, complex sentences, and complex compound sentences, For instance, those that uses interrogative sentences, Look at the different types of English clause I.e phrases, The internal structure of a word. Foregrounding is a deliberate act of making a feature prominent or important. The novelty of the definition offered by Wales (2001) lies in the fact that it broadens the spectrum of elements to be analyzed within the category of graphology beyond the letters of the alphabet, which is something that has not been considered until very recently. conversations. In order to understand what practical English stylistics is, study a text and ask yourself questions like why particular features of language have been used and not others. the study of semantics, word formation, Different Levels of Stylistics Analysis 1.Phonological level 2.Graphologic What is Style and Stylistics? In turn, because of the role of English in the world and the status of World Englishes, there has been a growing awareness of the need for highly profiled environments in which English is taught as a Foreign Language (EFL), for example. References 1). are where, there, here, etc. The ultimate aim of carrying out a research is to develop knowledge. GRAPHOLOGY It is the study of hand writing. time, till, then, soon By continuing to use this site, well assume you agree to the use of Cookies. Look at the table below, taken . text. The principal aim of the paper of the paper is to identify and analyse linguistic features used in the play. :~$ u}87UzjLU*(^XKZ9*{^w&]Bj4Vb;q.Va[h=J'[j-z ]|xkr6. There is a point of convergence between style and meaning. 3.3 Sample and Sampling Techniques Generally speaking, both linguistic stylistics and literary criticism are concerned with the quest for matter and manner in a literary work of art. Finally, students whose interests are narrowed into the field of linguistic stylistics need an articulate and current work in the field to update their knowledge. The focus of Stylistics is the text. 3.7 Procedure for Data Collection These are discussed under the following captions Graphological Features There are many examples of graphological level features in written language. It is assists in cultivating a sense of appropriate language use, Sharpens our understanding and appreciation of literary works, Helps us achieve adaptation during translation, Helps one in giving a fair judgment in a piece of work, Any bit of speech or writing that you can single out from a particular piece of writing, Graphetic contains features that help to foreground a text eg (italics, underlining, bolding, irregular spelling, capitalization, font size), Phonetic features comprises of spoken languages e.g voice quality, In graphologial level of you consider features like punctuations, spellings, spacing of words, In phonological you consider repetition of sounds, intonation, stress, rhythm and rhyme. 5.4 Contributions to knowledge. One embraces the pedagogical usefulness and potential of stylistics for teaching (the language of) literature. Repetition: a device that repeats the same words or Stylistics, in short, is an attempt to put criticism on a scientific basis. These levels include: Lexis, syntax, morphology, graphology, phonology etc. K:\!f&gsq\M| Assonance i.e word fixation-compounded words (carbohydrate), suffixes and prefixes, Look at individual words and their pattern of combination knowledge and physical context of the It also assists in understanding the meaning of a text. In the case of this study, the device is Graphology. analysis focuses on the analyzing sound The use of the word may be unfamiliar. The result is that, whereas linguistic stylistics comes up with a somewhat objective evaluation, based on realistic criteria; literary criticism comes up with that which is generally imaginative, speculative, subjective, and impressionistic (Isidore, 2010:30). Hyphens stylistics is the (linguistic) study of style that is rarely undertaken for its own sake. This move however, has given rise to many other linguists like Vachek (1973) Sampson (1985), Coulmas (1991, 1999), Harris (1995) and Eva (2015) who also have researched about the concept of graphology with focus on the properties of alphabets and their historical evolution. | Managed by Kyote Internet Group |. (Discourse medium), How many participants are there in text participation (monologue or dialogue), Which specific act are the users engaged in? By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. Pedagogical stylistics emphasizes that the process of improving students linguistic sensibilities must include greater emphasis upon the text as action; that is, upon the mental processing which is such as proactive part of reading and interpretation; and how all of these elements pragmatic and cognitive as well as linguistic function within quite specific social and cultural contexts. The third stage is when students go into a mode of synthesizing all they have learned, which, in turn, allows them to move on to the production stage. 2.1.4.3 Literary Linguistic Stylistics Stylistic features like graphology, syntax, lexis and semantics are looked into. [] Graphemics also embraces other features associated with the written or graphic medium: punctuation; paragraphing; spacing, etc. We certify that this Masters Dissertation: The Device of Graphology in Joe Ushies Poetry: Stylistic and Pedagogical Implications was carried out by Nkopuruk, Imikan Nseobong and submitted to the Department of English Studies, College of Humanities, Tai Solarin University of Education, Nigeria in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of a Master of Education (M.Ed.) 6. Stylistics has also moved from what Simpson (2004, pp. Lexicon in advertisements is special in that some words are shortened in a readable way to allure the public. One may also ask, what is graphological translation? Whilst the proposals by McIntosh (1961) and Halliday et al. Text Analysis in Stylistics. what is stylistics and its levels 1.Phonological level 2.Graphological leve What is Style and Stylistics? study of hand writing. The central question in stylistics is how a text means and language undoubtedly remains the central medium through which a writers style is revealed. This was the perception behind this notion about 2000 years ago. Analysis in stylistics therefore involves a range of general language qualities, which include sentence patterns, structure and variety, paragraph structure, imagery, repetition, emphasis, arrangement of ideas and other cohesive devices. about somebody's character through his (Encyclopedia Britannica, 2011). (Wales 2001: 182-183). This is. 9 is given the fact that stylistics relies on tangible linguistic evidence to unfold the writers 10 meaning or the communicative purposes of an author. Time factor-The choice of vocabulary is highly dictated and effected by the period in which the particular text us produced. The use of punctuation marks can equally create stylistic effects. This term was first brought into use in linguistic studies in the sixties by McIntosh (1961), who considered it an analogous mode to that of phonology. The This confusion with vague meaning may be due to its double filiation, i.e graphology as it concerns the study of writing systems, and as it also concerns character analysis based on handwriting. (Wikipedia), is the deviation in which poets disregard the rules of writing. McIntosh in his paper entitled Graphology and Meaning opined thus: I have used the word graphology in a sense which is intended to answer, in the realm of written language, to that of phonology in the realm of spoken language (McIntosh, 1961 cited in Eva, 2015). The following are the levels of text stylistics according to these levels. Such a process is valuable, for example, in the contemporary creative writing classroom. 5. In short, Wales (2001) aims to go beyond the traditional perspective in the treatment of graphology. Furthermore, Enkvist (1973: 92) observes that linguistic stylistics differs from literary criticism where brilliant intuitions and elegant, often metaphoric, verbalizations of subjective responses are at a premium. Stylistic features like graphology, syntax, lexis and semantics are looked into. The knowledge gained from the study of pedagogical stylistics will help students in understanding how language, grammar and rhetoric function in texts. Like literary criticism, stylistics is interested in the message of the work, and how effectively it is delivered. Thus, if one says some sounds are similar or dissimilar, one must provide the textual or linguistic evidence. The data comprises extracts of speech isolated for analysis at the level of phonology and graphology. E.g. In connection with the latter conception, stylistics critics have criticized the procedure of some linguistic stylisticians who pride themselves in the elaboration of form in textual analysis at the expense of the message and values (content) of the text. 2.1.1 The Concept of Style: Historical Perspectives is more dependent upon the readers ability Jane no longer writes fiction. In all these centuries, style was focus on the doctrine of decorum. Graphological Features which is concerned with the physical appearance of a text. More remarkably, none of Ushies collections has been studied at the level of dissertation, yet, Ushie is a renowned poet whose beautifully complex sentence types and structures, intelligent lexical and graphological foregrounding cannot be overemphasis. There are three major approaches to the study of stylistics, Ogunsiji and Farinde (2013) observe. It describes It can be used to derive stylistic effect in an advertisement. For example as a way of learning more about somebody's character through his writing: contracted forms, commas, stops, question marks etc. Graphology, however, is an essential part of the description of any written language. This statement presupposes that Jane wrote fiction "y>: jl/ -nature of vocabulary (use of simple or difficult words, vocabulary is archaic or modern, words used are concrete or abstract), -lexical relations that exists between words (use of synonyms, antonyms, use of unique words, use of borrowed words e.g Kikuyu word in an English text), They include factors that arise from a person. The sentence structure must arouse the potential consumers' interest or desire to purchase. meaning in a piece of text spoken or These are discussed under the following captions Graphological Features linguistic stylistic analysis of Henrik Ibsens play, A Dolls House. Unusual capitalization Introduction Style and stylistics are interrelated terms. Significantly, by the establishment of a modified model of categorization of Graphological devices, this research will improve the teaching and learning of graphology as a device of literary composition by way of assisting learners to develop linguistic abilities necessary for them to read, understand and respond to literary and non-literary works sensitively. Nature of syllables (open or closed) linguistic stylistic analysis of Henrik Ibsen's play, A Doll's House. Style can also be know as the various ways of saying something, Language variation varies depending on the status and social situation, Variation can also be brought about by degree of formality. Doing Stylistics: An Analysis of '(listen)' by E. E. Cummings 1. to answer by embarking on stylistic analysis of the graphetic and graphological, the lexical, syntactic and semantic features of selected 2011 campaign posters in Yola Metropolis of Adamawa state. CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background to the Study The use of language is one of the most distinctive characteristics of the human species. Business Aircraft Operators Association Website. Nature of participation-different language is used in a monologue and dialogue, What does the text tell us about the person using it? ,their ,him, this May Gods blessings abound.always counting on you too, for higher heights. Deviation, used in functional and condensed way, enhances and supports the possible meaning of the text, in other words, providing the readers with the possibility of aesthetic knowledge and the authors defined style of writing. Levenstons (1992) proposal on the study of graphological elements. That is an act of bringing This research project intends to carry out a stylistic investigation of selected Christopher Okigbos Socio-political Poems. Style as a concept is usually perceived as being common and elusive. Your email address will not be published. Graphology is a linguistic level of analysis that comprises the study of graphic aspects of language1. Again, students whose interests are narrowed into the field of literary stylistics need an articulated and current work in the field to update their knowledge. Style has been variously defined according to its orientation in the writers personality, the impressions of the reader, an individual text and the collective features of a genre. What does graphological deviation mean in stylistics analysis? (Eva, 2015) observes that the very first problem when dealing with graphology is its unclear meaning. individual point of views. For instance, a word may be meaningful to some culture while it may not to another. In analyzing a text, the business of a stylistician is to look at many features of the text. As a result of this, Levenston (1992) further solicits more attention for graphological elements and though his book is of less theoretical density (Eva, 2015), it became vital since it appeared the only comprehensive approach to the role of graphology in literature. The best answers are voted up and rise to the top, Not the answer you're looking for? McIntoshs definition caught on and developed in the sixties and served in its attempt to integrate more levels than the traditional ones when analyzing written texts. Ask us a question or register to join a community of 235k+ members that receive latest education news. But in recent times, the focus has gradually shifted from the authors theme to how meanings and effects are communicated in literary or non-literary texts. Three main types of style were learned: grand, middle and plain, (Enkvist (1973). I am grateful to God who supplied me the ability, patience and grace to carry out an elongated research of this sort.always counting on Him, for higher heights. This video lecture discusses the Graphological Level of Language in Stylistic Analysis of English Literature. The present study is in a way, an extension of the previous proposals. For example, the first person plural pronoun we as used in the paragraph is a foreground. Pick a pair of samples and try to identify the similarities and differences in the stylistic features (lexical, grammatical, semantic levels) of the two samples . For the purpose of clear understanding of the study, the following terms are defined within the context of this research: (1) Deviation: Deviation is defined as the movement away from the linguistic norms and conventions to create sensitivity and inform, foreground and define the authors styles and peculiarities. Which reverse polarity protection is better and why? It is used in order to catch the attention of the audience instantly. analyses: graphological, lexical and syntactic with the semantic implication of each level highlighted. Meanings are judged through 2.1.6.6 Semantic Level used afterward. speech, clauses and phrases used in writing. A Stylistics Analysis of Hope is the thing with feathers by Emily Dickinson Essays on Literary Criticism. Reflections on the authors intentions, textuality, measurements of responses of readers as well as discussions about literary texts to be included in the canon formation influence approaches to the way literature is taught and the view that in learning a foreign language its literature should be read. In a more generalized perspective, Enkvist (1973:11) regards it as discipline concerned with the theory and analysis of style(qtd. Stylistics then, is the outcome of the application of objective and analytical method of inquiry in the field of literary criticism. Deviation may occur at any level of language description. This study is limited to graphological level of linguistic stylistic analysis, for two obvious reasons: firstly, the research did not consider the other levels, for avoidance of deficiency and awkwardness, having studied six poetry collections; secondly, the research is not on General Stylistics which analyses nonliterary variety of language or registers.

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